Detection rules › Splunk

Windows Unusual Count Of Users Failed To Authenticate Using NTLM

Author
Mauricio Velazco, Splunk
Source
upstream

The following analytic identifies a source endpoint failing to authenticate multiple valid users using the NTLM protocol, potentially indicating a Password Spraying attack. It leverages Event 4776 from Domain Controllers, calculating the standard deviation for each host and applying the 3-sigma rule to detect anomalies. This activity is significant as it may represent an adversary attempting to gain initial access or elevate privileges. If confirmed malicious, the attacker could compromise multiple accounts, leading to unauthorized access and potential lateral movement within the network.

MITRE ATT&CK coverage

TacticTechniques
Credential AccessT1110.003 Brute Force: Password Spraying

Event coverage

ProviderEvent IDTitle
Security-Auditing4776The domain controller attempted to validate the credentials for an account.

Stages and Predicates

Stage 1: search

search EventCode=4776 Status=0xC000006A TargetUserName!="*$"

Stage 2: bucket

bucket span=2m _time

Stage 3: stats

stats dc(TargetUserName) AS unique_accounts,AS tried_accounts,AS dest BY _time, Workstation

Stage 4: eventstats

eventstats avg(unique_accounts) AS comp_avg BY Workstation

Stage 5: eval

eval ... using (comp_avg, comp_std)

Stage 6: eval

eval ... using (unique_accounts, upperBound)

Stage 7: search

search isOutlier=1

Stage 8: search

search `macro`

Indicators

Each row is a field, operator, and value that the rule matches. The corpus column counts how many other rules in the catalog look for the same combination: high numbers point to widely-used, community-vetted indicators. Blank or 1 shows that the indicator is specific to this rule.

FieldKindValues
EventCodeeq
  • 4776 corpus 4 (splunk 4)
Statuseq
  • 0xC000006A corpus 2 (splunk 2)
TargetUserNamene
  • *$ corpus 10 (splunk 10)
isOutliereq
  • 1 corpus 16 (splunk 16)