ATT&CK coverage › Technique

Subvert Trust Controls: Mark-of-the-Web Bypass T1553.005

Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls. In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named <code>Zone.Identifier</code> with a specific value known as the MOTW. Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions. For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View. Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables. If the file is not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.

Events covered

6 catalog events are tagged with this technique by at least one rule.

ProviderEvent IDTitle
Sysmon1Process creation
Sysmon23FileDelete (File Delete archived)
AppXDeployment-Server400Deployment DeploymentOperation operation with target volume MountPoint on Package PackageFullName from: Path finished successfully.
AppXDeployment-Server603Started deployment DeploymentOperation operation on a package with main parameter Path and Options Flags and FlagsHigh.
AppXDeployment-Server855Finished resolving action lists.
PowerShell4104Creating Scriptblock text (MessageNumber of MessageTotal).

Authoring guide

Patterns shared across the 10 rules above: which fields they filter on, what specific values they look for, and what they exclude. Field names are normalized across vendors so Sigma's Image, Elastic's process.name, and Splunk's process_name collapse into one row. Each rule contributes at most once per row.

Fields filtered most (10 distinct)

The fields most rules look at when detecting this technique. The How column shows the operators authors use (eq, wildcard, regex_match, match) and how often each appears. Sample values are concrete examples to start from, not an exhaustive list.

FieldRulesHowSample values
EventID4eq 4400, 603, 855, 23
ScriptBlockText3match 3-ImagePath , invoke-item , .DriveLetter, Mount-DiskImage , Unblock-File
HasFullTrust2eq 2true, "true"
Flags2eq 28388608, "8388608"
PackageSourceUri1match 1, starts_with 1x-windowsupdate://, file:///C:/Program%20Files/, file:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/
PackageFullName1starts_with 1MicrosoftWindows.Client.
CallingProcess1starts_with 1svchost.exe,AppReadiness, sysprep.exe
Image1ends_with 1\AI_STUBS\AiStubX86.exe, \AI_STUBS\AiStubX86Elevated.exe, \AI_STUBS\AiStubX64.exe
OriginalFileName1eq 1popupwrapper.exe
TargetFilename1eq 1"*:Zone.Identifier"

Top indicator values (31 distinct)

Specific (field, operator, value) combinations the rules check for, ranked by how many rules under this technique use each one. The Corpus reach column counts how many rules across the entire catalog (any technique) check the same combination. High numbers point to widely-used indicators that are likely noisy on their own; combine them with another condition for useful signal. Blank means the combination is specific to rules under this technique.

FieldKindValueRules (here)Corpus reach
ScriptBlockTextmatch-ImagePath 22
ScriptBlockTextmatchMount-DiskImage 22
ScriptBlockTextmatch.DriveLetter1
ScriptBlockTextmatch):\1
ScriptBlockTextmatchinvoke-item 1
ScriptBlockTextmatchGet-Volume1
ScriptBlockTextmatchUnblock-File 1
ScriptBlockTextmatch-Path 13
CallingProcessstarts_withsysprep.exe1
CallingProcessstarts_withsvchost.exe,AppReadiness1
PackageSourceUristarts_withx-windowsupdate://1
PackageFullNamestarts_withMicrosoftWindows.Client.1
PackageSourceUristarts_withhttps://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid1
PackageSourceUrimatch.cdn.microsoft.com1
HasFullTrusteqtrue1
PackageSourceUristarts_withfile:///C:/Program%20Files/1
PackageSourceUristarts_withfile:///C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/1
PackageSourceUrimatch.cdn.office.net/1
Flagseq83886081
OriginalFileNameeqpopupwrapper.exe1

Common exclusions (2 distinct)

Field/operator/value combinations that rules under this technique routinely exclude (top-level not() clauses). These are the false-positive paths the community has learned to filter out. A new rule that ignores the high-count entries here will likely fire on the same noisy paths.

FieldKindValueRules excluding
PackageMonikerin"*cw5n1h2txyewy*"1
PackageMonikerin"*8wekyb3d8bbwe*"1

Rules under this technique

Every rule in the catalog tagged with this technique, grouped by vendor. Click a rule title for its full predicates, exclusions, and indicators.

Sigma 6 rules

Splunk 4 rules